Cystitis is a medical term that denotes inflammation of the bladder.In most cases, inflammation is caused by a bacterial infection called urinary tract infection (imp).Urinary tract infection can cause pain and irritability, and become a serious problem for female health if it spreads to the kidneys.
Less frequently, cystitis can occur as a reaction to certain medications, radiotherapy or potential stimuli, such as female hygiene products.Cystitis can also occur as a complication of another disease.
The treatment of cystitis depends on its root cause.Most cystitis cases are acute and suddenly arise.The cases of interstitial cystitis are chronic (long).
Symptoms of cystitis in women
Cystitis symptoms may include:
- frequent desire to urinate;
- the desire to urinate after the bladder emptied;
- muddy or strong urine;
- decrease in body temperature (if it is in combination with imp);
- blood in the urine;
- pain during sex;
- Pressure sensation or bladder filling;
- Spasms in the stomach or back.
If the bladder infection is applied to the kidneys, this can be a serious health problem.
In addition to the symptoms listed above, the symptoms of renal infection include:
- nausea;
- Vomiting;
- back pain or side;
- shivers.
In addition, two additional symptoms, fever or blood in the urine, in themselves, are not symptoms of cystitis.However, they can occur in relation to other symptoms of renal infection.
Take a doctor immediately if you think you have a renal infection.
Causes of cystitis in women
The type of cystitis depends on its cause.The possible causes of cystitis include:
- urinary tract infection (imp);
- certain drugs;
- irradiation (radiotherapy);
- constant use of a catheter;
- Female hygiene products (aerosols, creams).
Types of cystitis
Cystitis can be acute or interstitial.Acute cystitis is a case of cystitis that occurs suddenly.Interstitial cystitis is a chronic or long case of the disease that affects several layers of bladder tissue.
Acute and interstitial cystitis has a series of possible causes.The cause of cystitis is determined by the type.The types of cystitis are shown below.
Bacterial cystitis
Bacterial cystitis occurs when bacteria enter the urethra (urethra) or bladder and cause infection.It can also lead to an imbalance of the normal microflora of the body.The infection leads to cysts or inflammation of the bladder.
It is important to treat a bladder infection.If the infection applies to the kidneys, this can be a serious health problem.
Drug cystitis
Some medications can cause bladder inflammation.The medications pass through the body and finally pass through the urinary system.Some drugs can irritate the bladder when leaving the body.
For example, chemotherapeutic drugs can cause cystitis.
Radiation cystitis
Radiotherapy is used to treat cancer cells and reduce tumors, but can also damage healthy cells and tissues.Radiotherapy in the pelvic area can cause inflammation of the bladder.
Cystitis of a foreign body
The continuous use of the catheter, the tubes used to facilitate the release of urine from the bladder, can increase the risk of bacterial infection and damage the tissues in the urinary tract.Both bacteria and damaged tissues can cause inflammation.
Chemical cystitis
Some hygiene products can irritate the bladder.
Products that can cause bladder inflammation include:
- spermicides;
- the use of vaginal diaphragm with spermicide;
- Female hygiene products.
Cystitis associated with other conditions
Sometimes, cystitis occurs as a symptom of other diseases, such as:
- diabetes;
- kidneys;
- HIV in women;
- Column injuries.
Risk factors
Cystitis is more common in women due to its shortest urethra.However, men are also subject to this disease.
Women can have a higher risk of cystitis if:
- Sexually active;
- pregnant;
- use spermicide diaphragms;
- experience menopause;
- Use irritating personal hygiene products
- There was an infection of the urinary tract (imp)
- chemotherapy, radiotherapy took place
- He used a catheter.
Diagnosis
There are several different ways of diagnosing cystitis in women.The doctor can ask to deliver an urine sample to determine the cause and verify the imp.The doctor can also perform cystoscopy or visualization tests to determine the cause of symptoms.
Cystoscopy
With the cystoscopy, the doctor examines the bladder using a thin tube, to which a camera and a light bulb are joined.Doctors can use a cystoscope to collect a biopsy biopsy of the bladder, if necessary.A biopsy is a small sample of fabric to examine it in the laboratory.
Visual tests
No visual evidence is needed, but they can be useful in the diagnosis of cystitis.X -ray examination or ultrasound can help exclude other causes of bladder inflammation in women, such as structural problems or tumors.
Treatment of cystitis in women
The treatment of cystitis in women is performed by various types of medications.
- antibiotics;
- Non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs;
- antipyretic drugs;
- analgesics;
- Diuretics and uroséptics.
The treatment of cystitis in women is selected by a specialist with medications, because before prescribing an antibiotic or any other medication, it is necessary to determine the type of pathogen, and only then determine with the choice of medication.
Consider how the disease is treated in each specific cases.
Bacterial cystitis treatment
Antibiotics in bacterial cystitis are the first line of therapy.What medications are used and how long it depends on the general state of health and bacteria found in the urine.
- The early infection.Symptoms often improve significantly during the day more or less after antibiotic treatment.However, it is probably necessary to take antibiotics within 3 days a week, depending on the seriousness of the infection.Regardless of the duration of the treatment, take the entire antibiotic course prescribed by the doctor to ensure that the infection has completely passed.
- Repeat the infection.If you have recurring EPP, the doctor may recommend a longer treatment with antibiotics or send a doctor who specializes the urinary tract (urologist or nephrologist) to evaluate to find out if urological disorders can cause infections.For some women, it may be useful to take an antibiotic dose after sexual intercourse.
- Nosocomial infections (also hospital, hospital).Bladder infections acquired in the hospital can be a problem for treatment, since the bacteria found in hospitals are often resistant to common antibiotic types used to treat the mercenary infections of the bladder.For this reason, different types of antibiotics and different approaches to treatment may be required.
Women in postmenopauses can be especially prone to cysts.As part of the treatment, the doctor may recommend a vaginal cream with estrogen: if its use does not increase the risks of other health problems.
Treatment of interstitial cystitis
With interstitial cystitis, the cause of inflammation is not clear, therefore, there is not a single treatment or drug that best suits each specific case.
Treatment of other forms of non -infectious cystitis
If there is greater sensitivity to certain chemical products, such as female hygiene or spermicides, the rejection of these products can help weaken symptoms and prevent more episodes of the disease.
The treatment of cystitis, which develops as a complication of chemotherapy or radiotherapy, aims to eliminate pain, usually with the help of medicines and hydration to eliminate bladder irritants.
Cystitis prevention
Women should clean the ass frontally after defecation to avoid the propagation of stool bacteria.In addition, the adoption of a shower instead of bathrooms can also help.Be sure to gently rinse the skin in the genital area.
Women should empty the bladder after sexual intercourse and drink water.Finally, avoid any means of irritation in the vaginal area.
Forecast
The prognosis of cystitis depends on the cause of symptoms.In general, the forecast is good.However, it is important to treat the main state as soon as possible.If you experience the symptoms of cystitis, it is better to consult a doctor.
With recovery, you must:
- Drink many liquids;
- Avoid drinking caffeine drinks, as they can irritate the bladder;
- urinate after sexual relations;
- Use cotton underwear and free clothes.